Colloidal Silver in Medicine: A Historical and Scientific Review
Colloidal
silver, the drug of choice in the early 1900s, was a cornerstone of medical
practice, carried in every physician’s medical bag during house calls. With a
potent concentration of 10,000 PPM (a 50% solution of the 21,000–23,000 PPM
master mother formulation), it was celebrated for its unparalleled
antimicrobial, antiviral, and antifungal properties. The lowest PPM used in the
1900s was a 2,000 PPM solution (a 10% solution), which was applied to babies’
eyes to prevent venereal disease blindness at birth. The 1942 British
Encyclopedia of Medical Practice instructed doctors to use colloidal
silver to cure gonorrhea, achieving results in just 10 minutes. This paper
synthesizes extensive historical evidence from 1900s medical journals and
scientific papers, alongside modern studies, to assert that colloidal silver’s
broad-spectrum efficacy makes it a leading candidate for addressing modern
health challenges, particularly antibiotic resistance. Despite its proven
effectiveness, regulatory barriers, potentially influenced by pharmaceutical
interests, have sidelined this powerful remedy. We advocate for renewed
recognition and research into colloidal silver as “The Number 1 Cure.”
Background and Scope:
Silver’s Early 20th-Century Role
In the early
20th century, before the advent of modern antibiotics, colloidal silver was the
drug of choice for physicians combating infections. Carried in every doctor’s
medical bag during house calls, this potent remedy, typically administered at a
strength of 10,000 PPM (a 50% solution of the 21,000–23,000 PPM master mother
formulation), was lauded for its ability to eradicate a vast array of
pathogens. The lowest PPM used in the 1900s was a 2,000 PPM solution (a 10%
solution), which was applied to babies’ eyes to prevent venereal disease
blindness at birth. The 1942 British Encyclopedia of Medical Practice specifically
instructed doctors to use colloidal silver to cure gonorrhea, which it achieved
in just 10 minutes. Its versatility was documented in numerous medical journals
and scientific papers, underscoring its status as a cornerstone of early 20th-century
medicine. From ancient water preservation practices to its dominance in medical
treatments from 1900 to 1940, silver’s legacy is well-documented. Rising
antibiotic resistance has rekindled interest in this time-tested cure, yet
regulatory resistance persists. This paper draws on early 20th-century medical
journals, scientific papers, and modern research to reaffirm colloidal silver’s
status as a premier antimicrobial agent.
How Colloidal Silver
Interacts with Microbes
Colloidal
silver’s efficacy stems from its multifaceted attack on pathogens:
- Bacterial
Disruption:
Silver ions, particularly at 10,000 PPM in early 20th-century
formulations, disrupt bacterial respiration, DNA replication, and cell
wall integrity. A 2000 study confirmed that silver ions cause cytoplasmic
membrane detachment and DNA condensation in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus
aureus (Feng et al., 2000).
- Viral
Inhibition:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) bind to viral envelope glycoproteins,
blocking viruses like HIV-1 and hepatitis B. A 2011 study demonstrated
AgNPs’ inhibition of HIV-1’s gp120-CD4 interaction (Lara et al., 2011).
- Fungal
Eradication:
A 2007 Mycoses study confirmed silver’s effectiveness
against fungi like Candida albicans and Trichophyton
rubrum (Foran, 2007).
- Broad-Spectrum
Power:
Colloidal silver kills approximately 650 pathogens, including
antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA, with minimal resistance
development, as noted by Chopra (2007).
Dr. Jonathan
Wright aptly summarized: “Silver attacks all three of the germ’s vulnerable
targets at once” (Wright, 2009), making it a uniquely powerful antimicrobial.
Early 1900s Clinical
Reports
In the early
1900s, colloidal silver, typically at 10,000 PPM (a 50% solution of the
21,000–23,000 PPM master mother formulation), was the go-to treatment for
infections, carried in every physician’s medical bag during house calls. The
lowest PPM used was a 2,000 PPM solution (a 10% solution), which was applied to
babies’ eyes to prevent venereal disease blindness at birth. The 1942 British
Encyclopedia of Medical Practice instructed doctors to use colloidal
silver to cure gonorrhea, which it achieved in just 10 minutes. Its versatility
was documented in numerous medical journals and scientific papers, establishing
it as a cornerstone of early 20th-century medicine:
- Lancet,
February 3, 1912:
C.E.A. MacLeod reported colloidal silver’s success in treating septic and
follicular tonsillitis, Vincent’s angina, gonorrheal conjunctivitis,
impetigo, septic leg ulcers, ringworm, and post-operative infections,
noting rapid wound cleansing (MacLeod, 1912).
- British
Medical Journal, May 12, 1917: Alfred Searle documented colloidal silver’s
ability to protect rabbits from ten times the lethal dose of tetanus or
diphtheria toxins, highlighting its stability and non-toxicity even on
mucous membranes (Searle, 1917).
- International
Journal of Surgery, April 1901: Max Staller described treating
25 cases of erysipelas with Unguentum Crede (15% colloidal silver), curing
early cases in 3–5 days, and successfully managing mammary abscesses and
scarlet fever (Staller, 1901).
- Southern
Practitioner, December 31, 1901: Deering J. Roberts praised
colloidal silver for treating osteomyelitis, phlegmonous angina,
furunculosis, erysipelas, and septic phlebitis, noting “almost marvelous”
results in some cases (Roberts, 1901).
- Medical
Review, May 6, 1899:
John Zahorsky reported Crede’s claim of no sepsis-related deaths in his
surgical hospital since adopting colloidal silver, citing its efficacy in
puerperal fever, cerebrospinal meningitis, and chronic furunculosis
(Zahorsky, 1899).
- Interstate
Medical Journal, October 1900: Schlossmann highlighted colloidal silver’s
painless application in gonorrheal ophthalmia, curing cases in 4–5 days,
and its use in infectious intestinal catarrhs (Schlossmann, 1900).
- The
American Therapist, July 15, 1903: Dr. J.L. Beyer detailed
colloidal silver’s use in sepsis, dysentery, and endocarditis, noting
rapid subjective improvements within 4–12 hours (Beyer, 1903).
- Post-Graduate,
October 1908:
C. Jeanxin reported colloidal silver’s antiseptic and catalytic properties
in puerperal infections, emphasizing its harmlessness (Jeanxin, 1908).
- Surgical
Journal, April 2, 1901:
Dr. P. Viett described colloidal silver’s “brilliant” results in phlegmon,
lymphangitis, and puerperal fever, using up to 12 grams of Unguentum Crede
daily (Viett, 1901).
- British
Encyclopedia of Medical Practice, 1942: Instructed doctors to use
colloidal silver to cure gonorrhea, achieving results in just 10 minutes.
These sources
confirm colloidal silver’s widespread use for conditions including pneumonia,
tuberculosis, gonorrhea, syphilis, septicemia, conjunctivitis, eczema, and
meningitis, solidifying its status as the drug of choice in the early 20th
century.
Contemporary Uses of
Silver in Care and Industry
Colloidal
silver’s legacy continues in:
- Wound
Care:
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) and dressings like Silverlon and Acticoat
are standard for burns and diabetic ulcers (Journal of Industrial
Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2006).
- Medical
Devices:
Silver-coated catheters and orthopedic implants reduce infections (Journal
of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 2006).
- Alternative
Medicine:
Dr. S.R. Cobble endorses colloidal silver for periodontal disease and
post-dental procedure healing (Cobble, n.d.).
- Water
Purification:
The EPA approves silver for disinfection, reflecting its historical use (Wall
Street Journal, 2006).
Safety, Risks, and
Toxicology: What Studies Report
Colloidal
silver, even at 10,000 PPM in the 1900s and lower modern doses, is deemed safe:
- Dartmouth
University’s Toxic Metals Research Program notes silver’s lack of
carcinogenic, reproductive, or neurological toxicity, with over 99%
excreted (Dartmouth Toxic Metals Research Program, n.d.).
- The
EPA’s Poison Control Center clarifies that argyria is linked to silver
salts, not colloidal silver (EPA Poison Control Center, n.d.).
- Dr.
Robert O. Becker reported no adverse effects in extensive studies, even in
vulnerable populations (Becker, 1978).
Regulations and
Restrictions
Despite its
historical dominance and modern potential, colloidal silver faces regulatory
resistance:
- FDA
Stance:
Classified as a dietary supplement, not a drug, the FDA cites insufficient
large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for internal use approval
(FDA, 1999). Many 1900s studies, while compelling, lack modern rigor.
- Pharmaceutical
Influence:
The $40 billion antibiotic market could be disrupted by a non-patentable,
low-cost alternative like colloidal silver. Industry lobbying may
prioritize patented drugs, indirectly influencing regulatory priorities.
Case Observations and
Expert Perspectives
- Dr.
Robert O. Becker:
Controlled a chronic bone infection and observed cancer cell
dedifferentiation with silver ions (Becker, 1985).
- Dr.
Victor Marcial-Vega:
Used colloidal silver nebulizers to treat pneumonias and proposed anthrax
prevention (Health Sciences Institute, 2001).
- Dr.
Henry Crooks:
Declared, “I know of no microbe that is not killed in laboratory
experiments in six minutes with silver” (Crooks, 1921).
- UCLA
Medical Center:
Confirmed ionic silver’s rapid pathogen-killing ability (Journal of
Longevity, 1998).
Takeaways and Directions
for Future Research
Colloidal
silver, the drug of choice in the early 1900s, was a staple in every
physician’s medical bag during house calls, administered at a strength of
10,000 PPM (a 50% solution of the 21,000–23,000 PPM master mother formulation)
to combat a vast array of infections. The lowest PPM used was a 2,000 PPM
solution (a 10% solution), applied to babies’ eyes to prevent venereal disease
blindness at birth. The 1942 British Encyclopedia of Medical Practice instructed
doctors to use colloidal silver to cure gonorrhea, achieving results in just 10
minutes. Its dominance is evidenced by extensive 1900s medical literature, from
the Lancet to the British Medical Journal, and
reinforced by modern studies confirming its broad-spectrum antimicrobial power.
With minimal toxicity and resistance, colloidal silver offers a compelling
alternative to antibiotics in an era of rising resistance. Regulatory barriers,
possibly influenced by pharmaceutical interests, demand urgent reevaluation
through modern clinical trials to restore this time-honored remedy to its
rightful place as “The Number 1 Cure.”
Sources Cited
- Becker,
R. O. (1985). The Body Electric. William Morrow & Company.
- Beyer,
J. L. (1903). Colloidal metals in medicine. The American Therapist,
12(1).
- Chopra,
I. (2007). The increasing use of silver-based products as antimicrobial
agents. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.
- Crooks,
H. (1921). Use of Colloids in Health Diseases.
- Feng, Q.
L., et al. (2000).
A mechanistic study of the antibacterial effects of silver ions. Journal
of Biomedical Materials Research, 52(4).
- Foran,
S. M. (2007). Therapeutic properties of silver: An historical and
technical review. Mycoses.
- Jeanxin,
C. (1908). Collargol in puerperal infection. Post-Graduate,
23(10).
- Lara, H.
H., et al. (2011).
Silver nanoparticles are broad-spectrum bactericidal and virucidal
compounds. Journal of Nanobiotechnology.
- MacLeod,
C. E. A. (1912). Colloidal silver in septic conditions. Lancet,
February 3.
- Roberts,
D. J. (1901). Internal antisepsis. Southern Practitioner, 23.
- Schlossmann,
A. (1900). Colloidal silver in acute conjunctivitis. Interstate
Medical Journal, 7(10).
- Searle,
A. B. (1917). The use of colloids in health and disease. British
Medical Journal, May 12.
- Staller,
M. (1901). Treatment of some septic conditions. International
Journal of Surgery, 14.
- Viett,
P. (1901). Unguentum Crede in sepsis. Surgical Journal, 7.
- Wright,
J. V. (2009). Stop supergerms in their tracks with one powerful silver
bullet. Health Sciences Institute.
- Zahorsky,
J. (1899). The therapeutic value of soluble silver. Medical Review.
- British
Encyclopedia of Medical Practice (1942). Colloidal silver
for gonorrhea.
- Journal
of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2006). Volume 33, Number
7.
- Journal
of Longevity (1998).
Volume 4, Number 10.
- Wall
Street Journal (2006).
The war against germs has a silver lining. June 6.